State Street Institutional
Investor Indicators
Investment insights based on facts, not surveys

The State Street Institutional Investor Indicators provide investors, policymakers, and the public with insights into the aggregated and anonymized positioning, risk appetite, and portfolio carbon exposures of thousands of institutional investors around the world, representing trillions of dollars in assets.

State Street & S&P Global
Institutional Investor Carbon Indicator

The Carbon Indicator measures the level of carbon exposure in institutional portfolios and reveals what is driving the shifts in overall carbon exposure as well as the carbon efficiency with which portfolio companies generate revenue.

Key Facts
  • Measures the amount of carbon exposure in institutional portfolios, in terms of aggregate portfolio emissions (tonnes of CO2 emitted) and aggregate portfolio carbon intensity (carbon efficiency, or emissions divided by million USD revenue)
  • Can be broken down into regions as well as drivers (i.e., whether carbon reduction is due to company-level decisions around emissions or investor decisions to buy or sell carbon-exposed companies)
  • Developed in partnership with S&P Global, a market leader in carbon data, and powered by S&P Global Sustainable1
  • Released annually
Our latest report

Between March 2024 and March 2025, carbon risk moved in different directions according to our separate metrics of carbon risk exposure:

  • The carbon emissions exposure of the aggregate institutional portfolio increased slightly, but remains below 2019 levels.  
  • The carbon intensity exposure of the aggregate institutional portfolio continued to fall, as companies’ revenues grew faster than their carbon emissions.
Carbon